A Nation of Immigrants Clashes Over the Future

In 2005, the US arrested 1.2 million people attempting to cross the US-Mexico border in Arizona’s Arivaca Valley. About half that number were successful journeying through the treacherous desert, encouraged by words on the Statue of Liberty that welcome immigrants from the world over – “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to be free.” The US estimates that 11 million people reside illegally in the nation, with more arriving every day. The illegal immigrants seek opportunities in the US, but the country needs the workers, too. The economy relies on illegal immigrant labor, workers who are less likely to join trade unions, receive minimum wage or demand health insurance. Enforcement of illegal immigration is minimal: In 2004, three businesses faced legal action for employing illegal immigrants. But attention on the issue could increase enforcement along with abuse of immigrants. Some politicians want to recognize that rounding up 11 million people is unrealistic, and propose plans for amnesty and even citizenship. But other politicians want to crack down on border security and introduce harsh consequences for any aid to the illegal immigrants. President Bush, facing criticism from his own party, straddles the issue, opposed to amnesty, but supporting a temporary worker program with greater border control. For the time being, legislation is stalled until April 24, when Congress returns from recess. With a population numbering 41 million, Hispanics are the country’s largest minority – and could influence the outcome. But the nation is deeply divided on the issue, which could delay the legislation until after mid-term congressional elections in November. Even as the world criticizes the US, citizens from around the world risk lives, crossing the borders and taking unpleasant jobs, to build secure lives. – YaleGlobal