Recent YaleGlobal Articles

在美国，清洁用水没有保障

苏珊•弗洛切尔（Susan Froetschel）
 August 11, 2011
美国人用水是欧洲人的两倍，支付的水费却是欧洲人的一半。低廉的收费让许多美国人觉得供水充足是理所当然的。在全球范围内，大部分水用于农业灌溉，但在美国，热电发电需要更多的水。“在经济衰退期间，保障供水让位于保障就业的行业，”记者苏珊•弗洛切尔（Susan Froetschel）指出，“危险的是，反政府的热情与行业的抵制情绪同流合污，反对政府保护水资源。”非营利的小型水行业严重分散，数以万计的国家和地方管辖的水利设施，错综复杂的法律条规，只能导致短缺和冲突。整个南方的严重干旱已经让地下水供应紧张。保守党对依赖外国石油供应表示担忧，但是很少关注未来的供水问题。美国让能源生产优先于其供水保障，...

In the US, Clean Water Is No Guarantee

Susan Froetschel
 August 11, 2011
Americans use twice as much water as Europeans do and pay half as much for it. Low fees lead many Americans to take their abundant supplies for granted. Globally, most water is used for irrigation purposes, but in the US, thermoelectric generation requires more water. “During an economic recession...

全球经济，谁来掌控？

大卫•达皮斯 （David Dapice）
 August 9, 2011
经济学家大卫•达皮斯（David Dapice）指出，对于如何重振就业岗位的创新或全球经济的安全，世界各国领导人表现出茫无头绪、缺乏信心。美国拥有化解其巨额负债的雄厚资源，然而各方争执不下、贪图权力的做法使得快速的解决方案一再受阻。欧洲不肯制定长期政策来解决成员国之间不平等的债务累积，仅采取勉为其难的援助举措，这在激励市场信心方面的作用微乎其微。债务削弱了一度强大的经济体，致使它们难以招架不可避免的灾难，债务与GDP的比率高达百分之二百的日本就是这样的情况。新兴经济体过于依赖对富裕国家的出口以及自然资源的开采，所以对这些国家也不能寄予厚望。世界各国年轻人的未来惨淡渺茫：工作前景不容乐观，...

Global Economy: Is Anybody in Control?

David Dapice
 August 9, 2011
Around the globe, national leaders show no clue, no confidence, about how to re-engineer job creation or global economic security, contends economist David Dapice. The US has many resources for resolving its large debt, but bickering and stubborn quests for power prevent speedy resolution. Europe’...

A Stalled Arab Spring

Dilip Hiro
 August 4, 2011
Revolutions are rarely smooth affairs. So the Arab Spring extends into the scorching heat of summer. Securing lasting change takes longer than many analysts in the West and young protesters on the streets of Egypt, Yemen, Syria, Libya and Tunisia might have anticipated, explains author Dilip Hiro....

A Global Laughingstock, US Politicking Threatens Economy

Philip Bowring
 August 2, 2011
US Congress went to the wire, lifting a debt ceiling to allow payment of its bills, salaries and benefits. The world wasn’t impressed by a last-minute show of unity, after weeks of unseemly squabbling that put the global economy at risk. Financial journalist Philip Bowring contends the spectacle...

China’s North Korean Foreign Policy Decoded

Sunny Seong-hyon Lee
 July 28, 2011
The US and North Korea today meet in New York to determine if six-nation talks, aimed at curbing North Korea’s nuclear ambitions, can resume. Media and diplomatic attention focuses on China, too: The West expects China to scold its unruly neighbor to the north and make it behave. Yet China’s...

解读中国对朝鲜的外交政策

李成贤（Sunny Lee）
 July 28, 2011
今日，美国与朝鲜外交官员在纽约举行会谈，商讨是否重启旨在遏制朝鲜核野心的六方会谈。媒体和外交界同时将目光聚焦于中国：西方国家希望中国对其东面邻国朝鲜的恣意妄为予以斥责，让它安安分分。韩国驻中国特派记者李成贤（Sunny Lee）解释说，中国对朝鲜的影响力是个未知数。来自北京方面的强大压力可能会激怒这个躁动不安的政权，但不会招致什么损失。李指出，中国向朝鲜提供粮食、燃料等物质援助并给予其忠告，希望以此避免动乱、革命乃至战争的爆发，此举最为符合中国的国家利益。中国的影响力到底有多大，很快便能从朝鲜计划再度进行核试验的谣言中得到验证。此次核试验旨在树立下一届领导层的威信，...

美国濒临违约边缘，投资者紧盯评级机构

大卫•达皮斯（David Dapice）
 July 26, 2011
长期以来，政府都是通过借贷来维持生计的，不但长期项目要依靠借贷，日常运作也是如此。美国设定了自己的债务上限，但是每花一美元中就有超过40美分是借贷的。政府支出即将超出限额，全球投资者都在观望，看美国国会是否会决定上调债务上限以维持正常运营，还是会违约从而引发一场全球性危机。三家私营企业——高级信用评级机构穆迪、标普和惠誉——对公司和政府的债务进行了评估，警告说美国债务将面临降级风险。批评家指出评级机构对信贷市场有垄断倾向，并且对它们能力发出了质疑，因为它们没能对引发2008年金融危机的、包含了有毒的次级抵押贷款的金融工具提供预先警告。长期以来美国的消费一直资不抵债，这是众所周知的，...

With US on the Brink of Default, Eyes are on Rating Agencies

David Dapice
 July 26, 2011
Governments have long operated by borrowing, not just for long-term projects but also daily operations. The US, with a self-imposed debt ceiling, borrows more than 40 cents for every dollar it spends. With the government about to exceed spending limits, global investors are on edge, waiting to see...

Is France on Course to Bid Adieu to Globalization?

Pierre Haski
 July 21, 2011
The French have long been critical of globalizing forces that disrupt their nation’s economy or threaten their identity. Calls for démondialisation, or deglobalization, has emerged as a leading issue in the French presidential campaign. Intense opposition to engagement with the world builds among...

法国正要对“全球化”说再见？

皮埃尔•阿斯基（Pierre Haski）
 July 21, 2011
长久以来，法国人都对全球化势力持批判态度，认为它扰乱本国经济，并对国家身份形成威胁。法国总统竞选期间，“去全球化”（法语：démondialisation）的呼声已渐渐成为焦点。无论是左派还是右派，法国人对国际融合的抗议正变得越来越激烈，同时，诸如可能出现的全球债务危机，年轻人的结构性失业，以及令人担忧的社会不平等加剧现象，也都是两派共同关心的话题。记者皮埃尔•阿斯基（Pierre Haski）指出，法国的国家政策可能即将发生变化，其中包括法国对欧盟（European Union）政务的主动疏离等，而事实上，2005年法国对《欧盟宪法条约》（European Constitutional...

埃及青年在自己所发起的革命中被边缘化

穆罕默德•艾塔罕（Mohamed El Dahshan）
 July 19, 2011
埃及的革命事业未竟。大规模的示威活动持续在开罗和其他城市发生，其中不少骚乱是冲着军方而去的，而军方正负责监督从任人唯亲的独裁政治向民主政治的过渡。过渡政府的领导方面的混乱，加上即将到来的大选，局面依然动荡：过渡政府缺乏民众支持，尽管别无选择，该政府也只得在预算方面和其他事务方面迅速采取行动，而这样做无疑会带来长远的后果——包括拒绝国际货币基金组织的贷款，转而接受沙特阿拉伯和海湾国家的贷款。穆斯林兄弟会长期以来一直是反对穆巴拉克政权的中坚力量，它是一个强有力的组织，但在其内部运作上面，很难说得上是民主的，它会在内部惩处异议分子和改革者。经济学家穆罕默德•艾•塔罕（Mohamed El...

Egyptian Youth Sidelined From Their Own Revolution

Mohamed El Dahshan
 July 19, 2011
Egypt’s revolution is incomplete. Massive protests press on in Cairo and other cities, with many upset about the military overseeing transition from a crony dictatorship to democracy. Confusion of a transitional leadership and fast-approaching elections is unsettling: The transitional government...

水资源对亚洲新兴大国构成挑战 ——下篇

罗希妮•尼勒卡尼（Rohini Nilekani）
 July 14, 2011
印度和中国两国的人口占全球人口的三分之一；两国各自消耗的淡水总量超过世界上任何其他国家。然而，按照每位居民每年的用水量来算，印度的用量不到美国的一半，中国的用量不到美国的三分之一。本系列耶鲁全球文章考查了印度和中国的水资源使用问题，并分析了在水资源需求不断增加、水资源短缺将干扰经济增长的认识下，他们对这些问题的处理有些怎样的预期。在下篇中，作者罗希妮•尼勒卡尼（Rohini Nilekani）指出，印度国家规划委员会（The Planning Commission of India）已反复警示说，今后印度的水资源问题会比土地或能源问题更加严重。印度从一个以农业为基础的经济转向了混合经济，...

Water Challenges Asia’s Rising Powers – Part II

Rohini Nilekani
 July 14, 2011
India and China account for one third of the world’s population; each consumes more freshwater than other nations. Per inhabitant per year, though, India uses less than half what’s used in the US, China uses less than one third. This YaleGlobal series examines India and China’s water use, their...

Water Challenges Asia’s Rising Powers – Part I

Keith Schneider
 July 12, 2011
Scarcity of water increasingly challenges economic growth of India and China. Water’s role in economic development is taken for granted, yet for running the growth engine it’s as precious a commodity as fossil fuels. This YaleGlobal series examines strategies for negotiating demands among competing...

水资源对亚洲新兴大国构成挑战 — 上篇

凯丝•施耐德（Keith Schneider）
 July 12, 2011
水资源的稀缺不断对印度和中国的经济发展形成挑战。水在经济发展中的作用毋庸置疑，然而在驱动增长引擎方面，它也是与化石燃料同样珍贵的商品。耶鲁全球的本期系列文章探讨了相互竞争的产业之间的需求谈判战略。在上篇中，身为记者的凯丝•施耐德（Keith Schneider）认为水资源争端可能中断中国稳健的经济进程。中国拥有13.3亿人口和全球最大的新兴市场，正在谋求世界制造业的领导地位，该国已成为水资源的定价者。中国政府预见到了水资源的竞争，并已经实施了多个节约增效的措施。但是粮食和能源生产都仰赖水的供应，同时中国也日益变得更加干渴：水资源储量自2000年以来减少了13%。随着能源需求的攀升，...

South China Sea: A Commons for China Only?

Carlyle A. Thayer
 July 7, 2011
The 1982 UN Convention on Law of the Sea recognizes the common heritage of the world’s oceans with a set of laws organizing exclusive zones for nations 200 nautical miles from their respective coasts. Waters beyond are open for use by all in ways that contribute to peace and friendly relations. By...

Globalization Reduced Poverty

Laurence Chandy and Geoffrey Gertz
 July 5, 2011
A major success in a poverty-reduction goal for the new millennium – halving the proportion of people whose income is less than $1.25 per day – largely went unnoticed. The World Bank estimates poverty levels, but the most recent data is from 2005. By combining the recent country survey data of...
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